Google研究發表╱電腦裝「神經」 學會辨識貓
〔編譯張沛元/綜合報導〕發明自駕車與擴增實境(AR)眼鏡的
Google
X實驗室,在利用電腦模擬人腦的技術研發上有重大進展!透過連結1萬6000個電腦處理器並使其上網自學,Google的機器神經網絡(neural
network)在看過大量YouTube影像後,自行創造出貓的概念。此一研究成果將有助於提升影像搜尋、語音辨識、機器語言翻譯品質。
連結1萬6000個處理器 任其上網自學
Google
研究人員本週將在蘇格蘭愛丁堡的一場會議上,發表這項研究成果。Google科學家與程式設計師屆時將會強調,儘管網路上隨處可見與貓有關的影片,但電腦
模擬人腦自學的能力仍令他們深感訝異,因為這套機器腦的表現超乎原本預期,面對2萬種不同物件,辨識率要比過去其他類似計畫高出1倍。
為了
讓機器能夠辨識與找到貓,由美國史丹福大學電腦科學家安德魯˙吳(Andrew Y.
Ng,譯音)與Google科學家狄恩領導的研究團隊,利用多達1萬6000個電腦處理器,創造出多達10億個連結的機器神經網絡,然後讓這個神經網絡觀
看隨機擷取自1000萬段YouTube影片的影像縮略圖。
結果,研究人員驚訝地發現,這個以軟體為基礎的人造機器神經網絡,顯然充分印證了生物學家的理論,即個別神經元可經過大腦內的訓練,獲得辨識特定物體的能力。
現
行較商業化的機器視覺科技,是藉由標示特徵的方式,由人類來「監督」機器的學習過程;但在Google這項研究中,人類並未以標註特徵的方式來幫助機器辨
識物體。安德魯˙吳說,研究人員將一大堆資料丟給機器演算,讓軟體自行從中學習。狄恩也說,他們在訓練過程中從沒告訴機器神經網絡「這是貓」,是神經網絡
自行創造出貓這個概念。
儘管規模遠遜於生物大腦,但Google這項研究仍提供全新證據,表明海量資料有助於大幅改善現有的機器學習演算法。拜運算成本降低之賜,電腦在機器視覺、語音辨識與語言翻譯等領域獲致重大進展;機器學習對改善翻譯規則與語義理解特別有用。
Google's new cloud service said to be imminent
CNET
There's speculation th
〔編譯管淑平/綜合報導〕網路搜尋引擎巨擘Google跨足已打得火熱的平板電腦市場,將在27日
登場的Google
I/O開發者大會上,發表搭載4核心處理器的7吋螢幕平板電腦Nexus,且價格極具競爭力,8GB容量版本售價199美元(近6000元台幣),以低價
和蘋果的iPad搶市場。
Google這款據稱名為「Nexus
7」的7吋平板電腦由華碩代工,將是全球首款搭載代號「軟糖豆」(Jelly Bean)的最新版Android
4.1行動作業系統的機種。根據會前所知訊息和外流照片,Nexus 7採用解析度1280╳800畫素、視角178度的7吋
IPS多點觸控螢幕,時脈1.3Ghz的4核心Tegra 3行動運算處理器、GeForce
12-core繪圖處理器、1GB記憶體,並有120萬畫素前置攝影鏡頭;除Wi-Fi
a/b/g/n無線通訊功能外,更支援「近場無線通訊」(NFC)和「Google錢包」,但是否會為了成本考量而放棄支援3G,目前還不清楚。
售價方面,8GB版本售價199美元,16GB版本250美元(約7500元台幣),Google顯然採用低價搶市策略,企圖讓平板電腦市場重洗牌。
平
板電腦採用Android系統並非新鮮事,但Google推出自家品牌的平板,除便於掌控品質、降低成本外,若能複製另一款Android平價平板電腦
Kindle Fire在美國的成功經驗,就可能瓜分蘋果的市場,同時吸引更多開發者投入Android陣營,讓Android系統行動裝置更具優勢。
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